NGINX is a web server with excellent performance and low memory footprint. NGINX can also be used as a reverse proxy (FastCGI, Apache, uWSGI), as a proxy for mail protocols (IMAP, POP3) and as a load balancer.
In this post we will install NGINX as a FastCGI proxy then the PHP requests will be redirected to a PHP-FPM server.
You can be interested in:
- pkgin, a NetBSD package manager
- How to install and configure NGINX as reverse proxy
- How to install PHP on NetBSD?
Install
# pkgin in nginx
calculating dependencies...done.
2 packages to install:
nginx-1.19.6 pcre-8.44
0 to refresh, 0 to upgrade, 2 to install
0B to download, 4698K to install
proceed ? [Y/n]
Manage nginx service
In this section we learn how to start, restart and stop the nginx service, for this task we are going to use the excelent tools: init, rc and service.
Add init script
The nginx package provides us an example script located under /usr/pkg/share/examples/rc.d/nginx and we can use it as our init script copying it to /etc/rc.d.
# cp -v /usr/pkg/share/examples/rc.d/nginx /etc/rc.d/
/usr/pkg/share/examples/rc.d/nginx -> /etc/rc.d/nginx
Automatic start
I love how *BSD handle services automatic start, simply add to the /etc/rc.conf file this line:
nginx=YES
The above line instructs to the init system that the nginx will start automatically after a system reboot.
Check status
# service nginx status
nginx is not running.
Start
# service nginx start
Starting nginx.
Check the status again :
# service nginx status
nginx is running as pid 13875.
Restart
If you did any modification to the configuration files you need to refresh the changes with:
# service nginx restart
Stopping nginx.
Starting nginx.
Reload configuration
It is recommended to use the following command to reload configuration since the service will reload the changes without losing connections.
# service nginx reload
Reloading nginx config files.
Stop
# service nginx stop
Stopping nginx.
Where is the configuration files?
You can find the configuration files under /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/.
/usr/pkg/etc/nginx/
|-- fastcgi.conf
|-- fastcgi_params
|-- koi-utf
|-- koi-win
|-- mime.types
|-- nginx.conf
`-- win-utf
Virtual Hosts
We are going to follow Debian configuration structure because, in my opinion, is very clean and easy to use it, then we need to create sites-enabled, sites-available directories, using these directories and symbolic links we can enable/disable Virtual Hosts very easily also we need to create the conf.d directory to store global configurations and
snippets directory for specific configurations.
# mkdir /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/sites-enabled
# mkdir /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/sites-available
# mkdir /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/conf.d
# mkdir /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/snippets
Add the following lines to the end of the main NGINX configuration file: nginx.conf.
##
# Virtual Host Configs
##
include /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
include /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
Now we have this configuration structure.
/usr/pkg/etc/nginx/
|-- conf.d
|-- fastcgi.conf
|-- fastcgi_params
|-- koi-utf
|-- koi-win
|-- mime.types
|-- nginx.conf
|-- sites-available
|-- sites-enabled
|-- snippets
`-- win-utf
The next step is maiking NGINX and PHP-FPM work together so we create the php-fpm-upstream.conf template under conf.d directory.
# touch /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/conf.d/php-fpm-upstream.conf
Add these lines:
upstream php-fpm {
server 127.0.0.1:9000;
}
Set server directive to the PHP-FPM pool do you want to connect to, in our case our pool is in the same server where we installed NGINX but it is possible to pointout to another server too.
Next create php-fpm.conf template under snippets directory.
# touch /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/snippets/php-fpm.conf
Add these lines:
fastcgi_pass php-fpm;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
Create proxy-php-fpm template under sites-available directory.
# touch /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/sites-available/proxy-php-fpm
Add these lines:
server {
listen 80;
server_name midominio.com;
# Set the document root
root /var/www/midominio;
index index.php;
location = /favicon.ico {
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
location / {
# This is cool because no php is touched for static content.
# include the "?$args" part so non-default permalinks doesn't break when
# using query string
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
include /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/snippets/php-fpm.conf;
}
location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico)$ {
expires max;
log_not_found off;
}
}
It is time to configure our first site according above configuration
# cp -v /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/sites-available/proxy-php-fpm /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/sites-available/misitio
/usr/pkg/etc/nginx/sites-available/proxy-php-fpm -> /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/sites-available/mysite
Edit mysite file and set server_name directive according your domain and enable your site:
# ln -s /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/sites-available/misitio /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/mysite
Test configuration files:
# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/pkg/etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
Reload configuration changes.
# service nginx reload
Reloading nginx config files.
Log rotation
Log rotation allows to empty logs every so often, keeping copies of them. NetBSD uses newsyslog to do this, so we add the following lines to /etc/newsyslog.conf.
# echo '/var/log/nginx/access.log nginx:nginx 640 7 * 24 Z /var/run/nginx.pid SIGUSR1' >> /etc/newsyslog.conf
# echo '/var/log/nginx/error.log nginx:nginx 640 7 * 24 Z /var/run/nginx.pid SIGUSR1' >> /etc/newsyslog.conf
Important links
